Molecules And Compounds - Chemistry Worksheet Page 9
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9+
Some acids are monoprotic (release only H
per molecule)
– e.g. HCl, HBr, HI, HNO
, HClO
3
4
+
Some acids are polyprotic (release more than on H
per molecule)
– e.g. H
SO
and H
CO
are both diprotic; H
PO
is triprotic.
2
4
2
3
3
4
The name of an acid depends on the anion from which the acid forms.
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
to negative charge
F – =
fluoride ion
HF(aq) =
hydrofluoric acid
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
to negative charge
–
NO
=
nitrite ion
HNO
(aq) =
nitrous acid
2
2
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
–
to negative charge
NO
=
nitrate ion
HNO
(aq) =
nitric acid
3
3
For some acids, the stem name changes:
add # of H's equal
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
to negative charge
3–
PO
=
phosphate ion
H
PO
(aq) =
phosphoric acid
4
3
4
Examples: Name the following ions, then give the chemical formula (including the physical
state), and name the acid.
add # of H's equal
–
to negative charge
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
Br
= _________________
___________ = _______________________
add # of H's equal
2–
to negative charge
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
SO
= _________________
___________ = _______________________
4
add # of H's equal
–
to negative charge
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
Cl
= _________________
___________ = _______________________
add # of H's equal
–
to negative charge
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
C
H
O
= ________________
______________ = __________________
2
3
2
add # of H's equal
to negative charge
2–
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
SO
= _________________
___________ = _______________________
3
add # of H's equal
to negative charge
2–
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
CO
= _________________
___________ = _______________________
3
add # of H's equal
to negative charge
–
⎯
⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
→
CN
= _________________
___________ = _______________________
Note: The physical state aqueous, (aq), must be included in the chemical formula of an acid to
distinguish the acid from another form of a compound. For example, HCl can exist as
hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), or as hydrogen chloride gas, HCl(g).
CHEM 139: Tro Chapter 5
page 9 of 9
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