Probability Explanation And Exercises Worksheet Page 20
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Tails
Heads
4
Tails
Tails
The four possible outcomes can be classified in terms of the number of heads that
come up. The number could be two (Outcome 1), one (Outcomes 2 and 3) or 0
(Outcome 4). The probabilities of these possibilities are shown in Table 2 and in
Figure 1. Since two of the outcomes represent the case in which just one head
appears in the two tosses, the probability of this event is equal to 1/4 + 1/4 = 1/2.
Table 2 summarizes the situation.
Table 2. Probabilities of Getting 0, 1, or 2 Heads.
Number of Heads
Probability
0
1/4
1
1/2
2
1/4
0.5
0.25
0
0
1
2
Number3of3Heads
Figure 1. Probabilities of 0, 1, and 2 heads.
Figure 1 is a discrete probability distribution: It shows the probability for each of
the values on the X-axis. Defining a head as a “success,” Figure 1 shows the
probability of 0, 1, and 2 successes for two trials (flips) for an event that has a
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