Covalent Bonding And Lewis Dot Structures Notes printable pdf download

Covalent Bonding And Lewis Dot Structures Notes

Chapter 8 Sec. 1 & 3: Covalent Bonding and Lewis Dot Structures NOTES



Chemical Bonds

o Force that holds 2 atoms together

o GOAL OF BONDING:



Covalent Bonds

o Form molecules (neutral group of atoms held together by covalent bonds)



Molecular compound – compound whose smallest unit is a molecule



Ways to represent a molecular compound:



(1) Chemical formula – indicates the relative # of atoms of each kind in a compound



(2) Molecular formula – chemical formula of a molecule

o Ex) H

O – water



(3) Structural formula – uses letter symbols and bonds to show relative positions of

atoms

o Easy to get structural formulas by drawing Lewis dot structures

o Example of a structural formula:

o Covalent Bond:



Examples of covalently bonded molecules: Cl

(chlorine), O

(oxygen), N

(nitrogen), H

O (water),

(carbon dioxide), CH

(methane)



Single Covalent Bonds

o ________________________________ pair of electrons is shared

o Single covalent bonds are also called sigma bonds (σ)

o Example of single bonded molecule: H

Covalent Bonding And Lewis Dot Structures Notes