TABLE 119. Federal obligations for applied research, by detailed field of science and engineering: FY 1990–2000
(Dollars in millions)
Field
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
All fields
10,336.8
11,797.6
12,000.7
13,491.4
13,887.7
14,557.4
13,795.7
14,423.4
15,309.3
16,083.9
18,900.8
Environmental sciences
899.3
886.3
904.0
1,075.0
1,321.7
1,387.0
1,465.7
1,502.2
1,533.2
1,479.5
1,490.3
Atmospheric sciences
329.7
353.7
332.0
349.0
396.7
447.3
414.6
484.8
519.2
505.5
387.3
Geological sciences
221.4
229.7
209.2
242.6
350.1
396.6
394.3
303.5
212.1
248.1
209.6
Oceanography
220.4
201.0
248.9
260.2
306.6
219.1
265.2
294.2
273.8
272.7
308.1
Environmental sciences, nec
127.8
101.7
113.8
223.3
268.3
324.0
391.7
419.7
528.1
453.3
585.3
Life sciences
3,652.3
4,188.4
4,068.8
4,483.3
4,812.2
5,209.8
5,185.3
5,457.6
5,704.2
6,225.3
7,915.7
Biological and agricultural sciences
1,959.4
2,223.0
2,116.0
2,271.5
2,351.1
2,566.0
2,707.6
2,598.9
2,851.5
3,106.1
4,764.6
Agricultural sciences
382.9
360.9
353.4
370.8
356.7
302.8
286.5
293.2
390.3
424.9
449.2
Biological sciences (excluding environmental
biology)
1,402.5
1,589.3
1,453.2
1,567.4
1,606.6
1,677.1
1,922.8
1,929.2
2,053.6
2,240.7
3,888.9
Environmental biology
174.0
272.8
309.4
333.3
387.8
586.2
498.3
376.4
407.6
440.4
426.4
Medical sciences
1,532.7
1,602.6
1,778.9
2,023.5
2,251.8
2,356.3
2,232.6
2,497.6
2,603.9
2,844.7
2,540.0
Life sciences, nec
160.2
362.9
173.9
188.2
209.3
287.4
245.2
361.1
248.8
274.6
611.2
Mathematics and computer sciences
433.9
477.6
678.9
714.1
779.9
976.1
932.0
1,010.5
1,131.4
1,245.7
1,407.3
Computer sciences
336.9
361.4
524.0
541.8
567.9
696.8
743.1
875.1
979.6
1,077.8
1,196.6
Mathematics
65.0
63.2
90.5
68.9
94.7
94.6
91.8
63.4
83.3
91.3
124.3
Mathematics and computer sciences, nec
31.9
52.9
64.3
103.4
117.3
184.7
97.1
71.9
68.4
76.6
86.5
Physical sciences
1,147.2
1,353.9
1,487.7
1,519.8
1,426.5
1,413.5
1,060.4
1,172.8
1,268.3
976.4
1,317.3
Astronomy
17.2
19.3
9.4
22.8
22.8
32.9
20.2
20.6
25.2
39.4
86.3
Chemistry
259.6
289.7
339.6
299.5
334.2
304.1
330.4
327.9
301.5
260.3
459.8
Physics
780.6
816.0
970.7
1,037.7
940.9
943.8
445.7
505.9
552.0
528.1
641.0
Physical sciences, nec
89.8
228.9
168.1
159.8
128.7
132.7
264.2
318.4
389.6
148.5
130.3
Psychology
233.5
256.9
175.6
303.9
302.2
344.6
233.5
251.5
279.0
285.3
808.9
Biological aspects
65.3
72.0
20.3
19.1
23.3
27.4
29.3
27.6
14.3
5.8
2.5
Social aspects
116.5
128.2
84.1
118.7
100.5
134.1
73.4
83.7
84.6
56.7
41.7
Psychological sciences, nec
51.7
56.7
71.2
166.1
178.4
183.1
130.8
140.2
180.1
222.8
764.7
Social sciences
484.0
566.0
549.8
480.8
463.3
472.0
442.1
475.3
581.3
608.3
742.4
Anthropology
1.9
3.3
3.1
3.7
6.6
6.6
5.6
6.2
4.7
4.9
1.9
Economics
160.1
150.1
172.3
158.7
154.9
161.8
154.8
159.1
188.9
171.2
197.7
Political science
6.8
10.0
16.1
22.8
20.6
15.2
10.9
9.2
15.6
15.4
17.5
Sociology
92.0
155.7
70.5
65.6
55.0
33.5
27.9
17.7
77.4
74.7
78.8
Social sciences, nec
223.3
246.9
287.9
229.9
226.2
254.9
242.8
283.2
294.8
342.1
446.5
Other sciences, nec
361.5
357.8
408.8
622.4
592.8
494.9
407.9
446.3
510.9
639.6
636.6
Engineering
3,125.1
3,710.8
3,727.1
4,292.0
4,189.0
4,259.5
4,068.9
4,107.3
4,301.0
4,623.7
4,582.2
Aeronautical engineering
657.5
760.0
629.5
946.8
946.8
977.2
987.6
1,083.7
1,311.2
1,278.0
1,141.1
Astronautical engineering
518.5
583.4
536.0
440.4
439.3
480.2
454.7
526.5
563.2
554.4
426.3
Chemical engineering
166.0
202.6
192.5
172.7
167.3
179.4
155.4
166.9
137.9
148.0
143.9
Civil engineering
270.4
245.7
276.9
213.3
239.8
269.3
247.3
230.2
208.3
259.7
179.5