Summary Of Organic Reactions Page 2
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2
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D.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Benzene and its derivatives)
• Substitution Reactions (never addition!)
X
X 2
X = Cl, Br
H
H
H
NO 2
HNO 3
X 2
(H + catalyst)
H
H
X
( NOT aromatic ! )
X
H
Reactions of the Other Functional Groups
A.
Alcohols R-O-H
1. Oxidation of alcohols:
H
O
[O]
R
C
O
H
R
C
H
- "H 2 "
primary
aldehyde
H
O
H
[O]
R
C
R'
R
C
O
H
- "H 2 "
secondary
ketone
R'
R'
[O]
No Reaction
R
C
O
H
[O] = an oxidizing agent like [Cr 2 O 7 ] 2-
R"
tertiary
2. Elimination Reactions of alcohols:
H
OH
R
∆
C
CH 2
+
R
C
CH 2
H 2 O
H +
H
H
alcohol
alkene
3. Substitution Reactions of alcohols:
∆
+ H
RCH 2
OH
X
RCH 2
X
- H 2 O
alcohol
X = Cl, Br, I
alkyl halide
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