Glossary Of The Programmes Of Study For English At Key Stages 1 And 2 Page 12
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16subject
The subject of a
verb
is normally the
noun
or
pronoun
that
Rula’s mother went out.
names the “do-er” or “be-er”. The subject’s normal
That is uncertain.
position is:
•
just before the verb in a statement
The children will study the animals.
Will the children study the animals?
•
just after the verb, or an
auxiliary
verb, in a question.
Unlike the verb’s
object
and complement, the subject can
determine the form of the verb (e.g. I am, you are).
subjunctive
What is sometimes called the subjunctive of a
verb
is
The school requires that all pupils be honest.
occasionally used in very formal contexts to indicate
[It’s possible for pupils not to be honest, but the school wants them to be.]
unreality, uncertainty, wish, emotion, judgement, or
necessity. It can be hard to recognise, because it does
If Zoë were the class president, things would be much better.
not always differ from non-subjunctive forms. It has a
[But Zoë isn’t the class president.]
distinguishable form in the following cases:
•
the third person singular of any verb in the present
The school rules demand that pupils not enter the gym at lunchtime.
[But it still might happen.]
tense does not have its usual –s ending
I wish you would stop! [not “will stop”]
•
the verb be in the present tense always has the form
“be” (not “am”, “are” or “is”)
I insist that he come to visit every week.
[He doesn’t actually come to visit, but I would like him to.]
•
the verb be in the past tense always has the form
Not subjunctive:
I insist that he comes to visit every week.
“were” (not “was”)
[I am insisting that it’s actually the case that he does visit.]
•
the negatives of verbs in the present are formed
differently
•
some
modal verbs
have a different form.
12
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