Basic Impact Assessment At Project Level Page 27
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368.
COMMON IMPACT ASSESSMENT METHODS
Table 1 (below) sets out the methods most often used in IAs, and Table 2 (on the next
page) summarises the comparative strengths and weaknesses of these methods.
Table 1:
Common Impact Assessment Methods
Method
Key Features
Sample Surveys
Collect quantifiable data through
questionnaires. Usually a random
sample and a matched control group
are used to measure predetermined
indicators before and after intervention
Rapid Appraisal
A range of tools and techniques
developed originally as rapid rural
appraisal (RRA). It involves the use of
focus groups, semi-structured interview
with key informants, case studies,
participant observation and secondary
sources
Participant Observation
Extended residence in a program
community by field researchers using
qualitative techniques and mini-scale
sample surveys
Case Studies
Detailed studies of a specific unit (a
group, locality, organisation) involving
open-ended questioning and the
preparation of ‘histories’
Participatory Learning and Action
The preparation by the intended
beneficiaries of a program of timelines,
impact flow charts, village and resource
maps, well-being and wealth ranking,
seasonal diagrams, problem ranking
and institutional assessments through
group processes assisted by a facilitator
27
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