Basic Impact Assessment At Project Level Page 6
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363.
PRINCIPLES OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Impact assessments carried out as part of planning and approval of an intervention (ex
ante) are predictive in nature, and generally follow well established methodologies (e.g. for
environmental impact assessment, social impact assessment, health impact assessment,
economic appraisal).
Assessments carried out subsequently (ex post) aim to evaluate actual impacts. While
techniques vary according to the nature of the intervention and the purpose of the
assessment, the basic methodology is similar (Figure 2).
Figure 2 General impact assessment methodology
define the scope of the assessment
define impact targets
define indicators
identify unplanned impacts
identify stakeholders
involve stakeholders
assess impacts
quantify impacts
identify corrective actions
identify policy lessons
report
dissemination of findings
• scope: determine which impacts should be investigated in the assessment;
• targets: identify targets (where possible) for the impacts to be assessed, from the
planning documents, or from widely accepted objectives appropriate for the type of
intervention
• indicators: identify indicators which will allow each impact to be measured, in relation to
its target (if one has been identified); also methods of collection against these, and who
will be responsible for collection
• unplanned impacts: within the scope of the assessment, identify potentially significant
unplanned impacts
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