Probability And Statistics Worksheets Page 5
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429-1
Review Percents
and Probability
■
Goals
Find experimental and theoretical probabilities.
Applications
Sports, Card Games, Test Taking
Work with a partner.
1. Discuss: How large must a group of people be for there to
be a 50% chance that two members of the group will share
a birthday? Make a guess.
2. Take a survey of the students in one of your classes to look
for common birthdays. What did you learn?
B
U
UILD
NDERSTANDING
Recall that probability theory is the mathematics of chance.
Probability is used to describe how likely it is that an event
will occur. Probabilities are reported using fractions,
decimals, and percents. The greater the probability of an
event, the more likely the event is to occur.
One way to find the likelihood of an event occurring in the real
world is to conduct an experiment. In an experiment, you either
take a measurement or make an observation. A probability determined by
observation or measurement is called experimental probability. An outcome is the
result of each trial of an experiment.
The experimental probability of an event E is defined as follows.
number of favorable observations of E
P(E)
total number of observations
E x a m p l e 1
RECREATION
Lions fans attending a recent 3-game series
In favor
Game
Attendance
were asked whether the team should have a mascot. The
of mascot
table shows how many fans thought it should.
Friday
681
388
Saturday
527
428
According to these results, what is the probability that a
Sunday
928
786
Lions fan wants the team to have a mascot?
Solution
Use the experimental probability formula.
number of favorable observations of E
P(E )
total number of observations
3
8
8
4
2
8
7
8
6
1
6
0
2
P(fan favoring mascot)
0.75
6
8
1
5
2
7
9
2
8
2
1
3
6
The probability that a fan interviewed at a Lions game will favor
having a team mascot is 0.75.
384
Chapter 9 Probability and Statistics
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