Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Chemistry Worksheet Page 39
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41245
Chapter Problems
85.
When the calcium carbonate, CaCO
, in limestone is heated to a high
3
temperature, it decomposes into calcium oxide (called lime or quick lime) and
carbon dioxide. Lime was used by the early Romans, Greeks, and Egyptians to
make cement and is used today to make over 150 different chemicals. In another
reaction, calcium oxide and water form calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)
(called
2
slaked lime), used to remove the sulfur dioxide from smoke stacks above power
plants burning high‑sulfur coal. The equations for all these reactions are below.
Determine the oxidation number for each atom in the equation and identify
whether the reactions are redox reaction or not. For each redox reaction, identify
what is oxidized and what is reduced.
∆
CaCO
CaO + CO
3
2
CaO + H
O → Ca(OH)
2
2
+ H
O → H
SO
SO
2
2
2
3
+ H
→ CaSO
+ 2H
Ca(OH)
SO
O
2
2
3
3
2
86. Potassium hydroxide, which is used to make fertilizers and soaps, is produced by
running an electric current through a potassium chloride solution. The equation
for this reaction is below. Is this a redox reaction? What is oxidized, and what is
reduced?
2KCl(aq) + 2H
O(l ) → 2KOH(aq) + H
(g) + Cl
(g)
2
2
2
87.
The space shuttle’s solid rocket boosters get their thrust from the reaction of
aluminum metal with ammonium perchlorate, NH
ClO
, which generates a lot
4
4
of gas and heat. The billowy white smoke is due to the formation of very finely
divided solid aluminum oxide. One of the reactions that takes place is
10Al(s) + 6NH
→ 5Al
(s) + 6HCl(g) + 3N
(g) + 9H
ClO
(s)
O
O(g)
4
4
2
3
2
2
Is this a redox reaction? What is oxidized, and what is reduced?
88. For each of the following equations, determine the oxidation number for each
atom in the equation and identify whether the reaction is a redox reaction or not.
If the reaction is redox, identify what is oxidized, what is reduced, the oxidizing
agent, and the reducing agent.
(aq) + 3H
S(aq) → 2NO(g) + 3S(s) + 4H
a. 2HNO
O(l )
3
2
2
(aq) + 2Na
(aq) → Cu
(s) + 3Na
b. 3CuSO
PO
(PO
)
SO
(aq)
4
3
4
3
4
2
2
4
89.
Determine the oxidation number for each atom in the following equations and
decide whether each reaction is a redox reaction or not. If a reaction is redox,
identify which substance is oxidized, which is reduced, the oxidizing agent, and
the reducing agent.
(aq) + 14HCl(aq)
a. K
Cr
O
2
2
7
→ 2KCl(aq) + 2CrCl
(aq) + 7H
O(l ) + 3Cl
(g)
3
2
2
b. Ca(s) + 2H
O(l ) → Ca(OH)
(s) + H
(g)
2
2
2
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