Gases Chemistry Worksheet - Chapter 13, An Introduction To Chemistry Page 39
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Chapter Problems
46. Explain why decreased volume for the gasoline-air mixture in the cylinders of
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a gasoline engine, increased number of gas particles, and increased temperature
lead to an increase in pressure in the cylinders.
47.
Ammonia, NH
, is a gas that can be dissolved in water and used as a cleaner.
3
When an ammonia solution is used to clean the wax off a floor, ammonia gas
escapes from the solution, mixes easily with the gas particles in the air, and
spreads throughout the room. Very quickly, everyone in the room can smell the
ammonia gas. Explain why gaseous ammonia mixes so easily with air.
48. After gasoline vapor and air are mixed in the cylinders of a car, the piston in the
cylinder moves up into the cylinder and compresses the gaseous mixture. Explain
why these gases can be compressed.
49.
Explain why air moves in and out of our lungs as we breathe.
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50. Explain why balloons expand as they rise into the atmosphere.
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51.
With reference to the relationships between properties of gases, answer the
following questions.
a. In a common classroom demonstration, water is heated in a one gallon can,
covered with a tight lid, and allowed to cool. As the can cools, it collapses.
Why?
b. Dents in ping pong balls can often be removed by placing the balls in hot
water. Why?
52. Use the relationships between properties of gases to answer the following
questions.
a. When a balloon is placed in the freezer, it shrinks. Why?
b. Aerosol cans often explode in fires. Why?
c. Why do your ears pop when you drive up a mountain?
Section 13.2 Ideal Gas Calculations
53.
Neon gas produced for use in luminous tubes comes packaged in 1.0-L
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containers at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 19 °C. How many
moles of Ne do these cylinders hold?
54. Fluorescent light bulbs contain a mixture of mercury vapor and a noble gas such
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as argon. How many moles of argon are in a 121-mL fluorescent bulb with a
pressure of argon gas of 325 Pa at 40 °C?
55.
A typical aerosol can is able to withstand 10-12 atm without exploding.
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a. If a 375-mL aerosol can contains 0.062 moles of gas, at what temperature
would the gas pressure reach 12 atm of pressure?
b. Aerosol cans usually contain liquids as well as gas. If the 375-mL can
described in part (a) contained liquid along with the 0.062 moles of gas,
why would it explode at a lower temperature than if it contained only the
gas? (Hint: What happens to a liquid when it is heated?)
56. Ethylene oxide is produced from the reaction of ethylene and oxygen at
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270-290 °C and 8-20 atm. In order to prevent potentially dangerous pressure
buildups, the container in which this reaction takes place has a safety valve set to
3
release gas when the pressure reaches 25 atm. If a 15-m
reaction vessel contains
3
7.8 × 10
moles of gas, at what temperature will the pressure reach 25 atm?
3
3
(There are 10
L per m
.)
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