Gases Chemistry Worksheet - Chapter 13, An Introduction To Chemistry Page 42
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Chapter 13
Gases
73.
Butadiene, CH
CHCHCH
, a suspected carcinogen, is used to make plastics
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bjeCtive
2
2
such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). Because it is highly flammable and
forms explosive peroxides when exposed to air, it is often shipped in insulated
containers at about 2 °C. What is the density of butadiene when its pressure is
102 kPa and its temperature is 2 °C?
74. Picture a gas in the apparatus shown in Figure 13.2. If the temperature and the
number of gas particles remain constant, how would you change the volume to
increase the pressure of the gas?
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75.
In order to draw air into your lungs, your diaphragm and other muscles contract,
bjeCtive
increasing the lung volume. This lowers the air pressure of the lungs to below
atmospheric pressure, and air flows in. When your diaphragm and other muscles
relax, the volume of the lungs decreases, and air is forced out.
a. If the total volume of your lungs at rest is 6.00 L and the initial pressure
is 759 mmHg, what is the new pressure if the lung volume is increased to
6.02 L?
b. If the total volume of your lungs at rest is 6.00 L and the initial pressure is
759 mmHg, at what volume will the pressure be 763 mmHg?
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76. Dry air is 78% nitrogen gas, 21% oxygen gas, and 0.9% argon gas. These gases
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can be separated by distillation after the air is first converted to a liquid. In one of
the steps in this process, filtered air is compressed enough to increase the pressure
to about 5.2 atm.
a. To what volume must 175 L of air at 1.0 atm be compressed to yield a
pressure of 5.2 atm?
b. The argon derived from the distillation of air can be used in fluorescent
light bulbs. When 225 L of argon gas at 0.997 atm are distilled from the air
3
and allowed to expand to a volume of 91.5 m
, what is the new pressure of
the gas in pascals?
77.
A scuba diver has 4.5 L of air in his lungs 66 ft below the ocean surface, where
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the pressure is 3.0 atm. What would the volume of this gas be at the surface,
where the pressure is 1.0 atm? If the diver’s lungs can hold no more than 7.0 L
without rupturing, is he in trouble if he doesn’t exhale as he rises to the surface?
78.
Picture a gas in the apparatus shown in Figure 13.2. If the volume and
temperature remain constant, how would you change the number of gas particles
to increase the pressure of the gas?
79. Picture a gas in the apparatus shown in Figure 13.2. If the pressure and
temperature remain constant, how would you change the number of gas particles
to increase the volume of the gas?
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80.
A balloon containing 0.62 moles of gas has a volume of 15 L. Assuming constant
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temperature and pressure, how many moles of gas does the balloon contain when
enough gas leaks out to decrease the volume to 11 L?
81. Picture a gas in the apparatus shown in Figure 13.2. If the volume and the
number of gas particles remain constant, how would the temperature have to
change to increase the pressure of the gas?
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