Gases Chemistry Worksheet - Chapter 13, An Introduction To Chemistry Page 44
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49526
Chapter 13
Gases
87.
Air bags in cars inflate when sodium azide, NaN
, decomposes to generate
O
19
bjeCtive
3
nitrogen gas. How many grams of NaN
must react to generate 112 L N
at
3
2
121 kPa and 305 K?
(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N
2NaN
(g)
3
2
88. When natural gas is heated to 370 °C, the sulfur it contains is converted to
O
19
bjeCtive
hydrogen sulfide. The H
S gas can be removed by a reaction with sodium
2
hydroxide that forms solid sodium sulfide and water.
S + 2NaOH → Na
S + 2H
H
O
2
2
2
S(g) at 370 °C and 1.1 atm can be removed by 2.7 Mg
What volume of H
2
NaOH?
89.
The hydrogen chloride gas used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic is made
O
19
bjeCtive
by reacting hydrogen gas with chlorine gas. What volume of HCl(g) at 105 kPa
3
and 296 K can be formed from 1150 m
of H
(g) at STP?
2
(g) + Cl
( g) → 2HCl(g)
H
2
2
90. The hydrogen gas needed to make ammonia, hydrogen chloride gas, and
O
19
bjeCtive
methanol can be obtained from small hydrocarbons such as methane or propane
through the steam-reforming process, conducted at 41 atm and 760-980 °C.
If 2.7 × 10
7
(g) at 810 °C and 8.0 atm react in the first step of the
L of C
H
3
8
process, shown below, what is the maximum volume in liters of CO(g) at STP
that can form?
+ 3H
O → 3CO + 7H
C
H
3
8
2
2
3CO + 3H
O → 3CO
+ 3H
2
2
2
91.
Ammonia and carbon dioxide combine to produce urea, NH
CONH
, and
O
19
bjeCtive
2
2
water through the reaction shown below. About 90% of the urea is used to
make fertilizers, but some is also used to make animal feed, plastics, and
pharmaceuticals. To get the optimum yield of urea, the ratio of NH
to CO
is
3
2
carefully regulated at a 3:1 molar ratio of NH
to CO
.
3
2
(g) + CO
(g) → NH
(s) + H
2NH
CONH
O(l )
3
2
2
2
2
4
at STP must be combined with 1.4 × 10
a. What volume of NH
L CO
at
3
2
STP to yield the 3:1 molar ratio?
b. The concentration of urea in a typical liquid fertilizer is about 1.0 M
at 190 °C and 34.0 atm is
NH
CONH
. What minimum volume of CO
2
2
2
needed to make 3.5 × 10
4
L of 1.0 M NH
CONH
?
2
2
92. Alka-Seltzer
contains the base sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO
, which
O
19
bjeCtive
3
reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to yield sodium chloride, carbon
dioxide, and water. What volume of CO
gas at 104.5 kPa and 311 K would be
2
formed when 10.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl is mixed with an excess of NaHCO
?
3
O
19
93.
Some chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs, are formed from carbon tetrachloride, CCl
,
bjeCtive
4
which can be made from the methane in natural gas, as shown below. What
minimum volume in cubic meters of methane gas at STP must be added to
completely react 1.9 × 10
6
L of Cl
(g) at STP?
2
(g) + 4Cl
(g) → CCl
(l ) + 4HCl(g)
CH
4
2
4
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