Multi-Year Analysis Plan Page 41
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80•
Biomass feed systems. Work will be done to determine the state of the art. This will involve gathering
data on the various types of equipment including past experience, advantages, and disadvantages for
each.
•
Gas cleanup. Work in the gas clean up area will focus on obtaining better costs for the various pieces
of equipment for several scales and different operating conditions. This information will be used in
the syngas models and costing spreadsheets to help focus on the most economical combinations for
clean syngas production from both direct and indirect gasification.
•
Oxygen and fuel synthesis as a function of oxygen purity. Reduced oxygen purity may improve the
economics of direct gasifier systems. Producing lower purity oxygen will reduce the cost of oxygen
generation; however, more nitrogen in the syngas will affect the downstream equipment sizes and
possibly conversion efficiencies. The trade offs of oxygen purity with capital cost will be examined.
•
Fuel synthesis. Producing a fuel product is another potential opportunity for biomass syngas.
Examine the advantages and disadvantages of various fuel synthesis processes integrated with
biomass gasification. Initial work will look at the potential of mixed alcohols. Future work is
anticipated to examine Fischer-Tropsch liquids and methanol.
•
A design report of the same rigor used for those in the sugar platform will be developed for the
chosen model product (hydrogen). The model product is a somewhat arbitrary choice, but having a
product is essential to showing the benefits and challenges of an integrated system.
3.4 Products (NREL, PNNL)
The technical goal of Products is to develop the capability for using lignocellulosic biomass to produce
inexpensive sugar streams that can be used to produce fuels, other chemicals, and materials. The specific
area objectives are listed in Table 8, along with corresponding analysis objectives. The analysis for
products R&D provides information for benefits analysis, direction of the program and engineering
knowledge for biorefinery development.
Table 8: Products Objectives
Area Objectives:
•
Fuels: Identify opportunities for reducing the cost of ethanol production by $0.10 to $0.18 per
gallon by improving fermentation organisms and utilization of 5 carbon sugars.
•
Chemicals and Materials: Identify opportunities for reducing the cost of producing products
from biomass to a level where the final product is in the range of $0.25 to $0.50 per pound.
Analysis Objectives:
•
Help select research projects within the products research area.
•
Identify major cost barriers associated with products.
•
Define a number (3-5) specific process for producing products based on the “Top Ten” analysis.
•
Develop a set of simple models that can be used to direct research in the products area.
•
Quantify the effects of high-value products on model product’s supply curves.
Analysis Status
Activities included in the Products R&D portfolio include a very broad array of technologies. In part, this
is because prior to creation of OBP, three different EERE Programs conducted work in “products”. As
described in the MYPP, the Products R&D work has a significant near-term focus on the sugars and
thermochemical platforms. However, it also includes work on oil-based products, bio-oil products, and
potential platform co-products. Analysis is needed to support all of these platforms and their respective
potential co-products and markets. An outcome of FY03 work included the identification of the “top ten”
opportunities for producing value-added chemicals from biomass that would support an integrated
biorefinery, and the associated technologies that would offer the greatest impact in producing these
intermediates. Follow-on to that work includes developing solicitation topics and core R&D efforts.
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